The following is a list of the classes in each phylum of the kingdom Animalia. There are 107 classes of animals in 33 phyla in this list. However, different sources give different numbers of classes and phyla. For example, Protura, Diplura, and Collembola are often considered to be the three orders in the class Entognatha. This list should by no means be considered complete and authoritative and should be used carefully. ^ Integrated Taxonomic Information System. "ITIS Standard Report Page: Chelicerata". www.itis.gov. ^ Integrated Taxonomic Information System. "ITIS Standard Report Page: Crustacea". www.itis.gov. ^ Regents of the University of California. "Introduction to Brachiopoda". www.ucmp.berkeley.edu. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2014-10-03. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-05-12. Retrieved 2014-10-03. ^ Conlan, Kathleen E.; Bousfield, Edward. "Malacostracan | crustacean". www.britannica.com. ^ "ITIS Standard Report Page: Hexapoda". www.itis.gov. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. ^ "ITIS Standard Report Page: Myriapoda". www.itis.gov. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. ^ a b Tessler, Michael; Neumann, Johannes S.; Kamm, Kai; Osigus, Hans-Jürgen; Eshel, Gil; Narechania, Apurva; Burns, John A.; DeSalle, Rob; Schierwater, Bernd (2022-12-08). "Phylogenomics and the first higher taxonomy of Placozoa, an ancient and enigmatic animal phylum".

All living organisms can be placed in one of six different animal kingdom classifications. The characteristics of each animal kingdom are: Animal – A kingdom of complex multi-celled organisms that do not produce their own food. This kingdom contains all living and extinct animals. Examples include elephants, whales, and humans. Plants – Complex and multi-cellular autotrophic organisms, meaning they produce their own food through photosynthesis. Examples include trees, flowers, and grass. Fungi – Multi-celled organisms that do not produce their own food, unlike plants. Examples include molds, mushrooms, and yeast. Protista – Single-celled organisms with more complexity than either eubacteria or archaebacteria. Examples include algae and amoebas Eubacteria – Single-celled organisms found in everything from yogurt to your intestines. This kingdom contains all bacteria in the world not considered archaebacteria. Archaebacteria – The oldest known living organisms. Single-celled and found in hostile and extremely hot areas like thermal vents or hot springs After animal kingdom, animal species usually fall into one of seven different phylum or phyla: Porifera – Marine animals more commonly known as sponges and found in every ocean on earth. Cnidaria – Mostly marine animals that include over 11,000 species. Each class is divided into small groups again, known as orders. There is no universally accepted breakdown for the class Mammalia. Some outline as many as 26 different orders for the class Mammalia. Some of the most popular examples include: Carnivora – Animals that specialize in mostly eating meat, but also contain some omnivores and herbivores. Characterized as having nonretractable claws and long snouts. Examples include bears. Chiropptera (bats) – The only mammals that can fly. Examples include free-tailed and vampire bats Primates – Includes prehensile hands and feet, commonly with opposable thumbs. Examples include gorillas, chimpanzees, and humans. In every order, there are different animal families which are defined by groups that have very similar features. Animal families are basically sub-divided into two main groups–vertebrates and invertebrates. One example of animal families would be the 12 families that fall under the Carnivora order (Carnivores). The twelve families include: An additional example would be Lagomorphs, falling under the order Lagomorpha and containing two families: Every animal family is further divided into smaller groups known as genera, or genuses. Each genus contains animals that have very similar features and are closely related. For example, the Felidae (Cat) family contains genuses including: Each species within the genus is named after its features and characteristics. The names of animals are based in Latin and consist of two words.

The hierarchy of biological classification 's eight major taxonomic ranks. A class contains one or more orders. Intermediate minor rankings are not shown. Order (Latin: ordo) is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy. It is classified between family and class. In biological classification, the order is a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms and recognized by the nomenclature codes. An immediately higher rank, superorder, is sometimes added directly above order, with suborder directly beneath order. An order can also be defined as a group of related families. What does and does not belong to each order is determined by a taxonomist, as is whether a particular order should be recognized at all. Often there is no exact agreement, with different taxonomists each taking a different position. There are no hard rules that a taxonomist needs to follow in describing or recognizing an order. Some taxa are accepted almost universally, while others are recognized only rarely. [1] The name of an order is usually written with a capital letter. [2] For some groups of organisms, their orders may follow consistent naming schemes. Orders of plants, fungi, and algae use the suffix -ales (e.g. Dictyotales). [3] Orders of birds and fishes [4] use the Latin suffix -iformes meaning 'having the form of' (e.g. Passeriformes), but orders of mammals, reptiles, amphibians and invertebrates are not so consistent (e.g. Artiodactyla, Anura, Crocodylia, Actiniaria, Primates). For some clades covered by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, several additional classifications are sometimes used, although not all of these are officially recognized. A general system of nature: through the three grand kingdoms of animals, vegetables, and minerals, systematically divided into their several classes, orders, genera, species, and varieties. London: Lackington, Allen, and Co. ^ "ICTV Code. Section 3.IV, § 3.23; section 3.V, §§ 3.27-3.28." International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. October 2018. Retrieved November 28, 2018. ^ "ICTV Taxonomy". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. 2018. Retrieved Nov 8, 2019. McNeill, J.; Barrie, F.R.; Buck, W.R.; Demoulin, V.; Greuter, W.; Hawksworth, D.L.; Herendeen, P.S.; Knapp, S.; Marhold, K.; Prado, J.; Prud'homme Van Reine, W.F.; Smith, G.F.; Wiersema, J.H.; Turland, N.J. (2012). International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011. Regnum Vegetabile. Vol. 154. A.R.G. Gantner Verlag KG. ISBN 978-3-87429-425-6.

The major ranks: domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species, applied to the red fox, Vulpes vulpes. The hierarchy of biological classification 's eight major taxonomic ranks. Intermediate minor rankings are not shown. In biology, taxonomic rank (which some authors prefer to call nomenclatural rank[1] because ranking is part of nomenclature rather than taxonomy proper, according to some definitions of these terms) is the relative or absolute level of a group of organisms (a taxon) in a hierarchy that reflects evolutionary relationships. Thus, the most inclusive clades (such as Eukarya and Opisthokonta) have the highest ranks, whereas the least inclusive ones (such as Homo sapiens or Bufo bufo) have the lowest ranks. Ranks can be either relative and be denoted by an indented taxonomy in which the level of indentation reflects the rank, or absolute, in which various terms, such as species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, and domain designate rank. This page emphasizes absolute ranks and the rank-based codes (the Zoological Code, the Botanical Code, the Code for Cultivated Plants, the Prokaryotic Code, and the Code for Viruses) require them. However, absolute ranks are not required in all nomenclatural systems for taxonomists; for instance, the PhyloCode, [2] the code of phylogenetic nomenclature, does not require absolute ranks. Taxa are hierarchical groups of organisms, and their ranks describes their position in this hierarchy. There are seven main taxonomic ranks: kingdom, phylum or division, class, order, family, genus, and species. In addition, domain (proposed by Carl Woese) is now widely used as a fundamental rank, although it is not mentioned in any of the nomenclature codes, and is a synonym for dominion (Latin: dominium), introduced by Moore in 1974. [12][13] A taxon is usually assigned a rank when it is given its formal name. The basic ranks are species and genus. When an organism is given a species name it is assigned to a genus, and the genus name is part of the species name. The species name is also called a binomial, that is, a two-term name. For example, the zoological name for the human species is Homo sapiens. This is usually italicized in print or underlined when italics are not available. In this case, Homo is the generic name and it is capitalized; sapiens indicates the species and it is not capitalized. While not always used, some species include a subspecific epithet. For instance, modern humans are Homo sapiens sapiens, or H. sapiens sapiens. In zoological nomenclature, higher taxon names are normally not italicized, but the Botanical Code, the Prokaryotic Code, the Code for Viruses, the draft BioCode [4] and the PhyloCode [2] all recommend italicizing all taxon names (of all ranks). There are rules applying to the following taxonomic ranks in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature: superfamily, family, subfamily, tribe, subtribe, genus, subgenus, species, subspecies. The traditional classification of primates (class Mammalia, subclass Theria, infraclass Eutheria, order Primates) has been modified by new classifications such as McKenna and Bell (class Mammalia, subclass Theriformes, infraclass Holotheria) with Theria and Eutheria assigned lower ranks between infraclass and the order Primates. (See mammal classification for details.) These differences arise because there are few available ranks and many branching points in the fossil record. Within species further units may be recognised. Animals may be classified into subspecies (for example, Homo sapiens sapiens, modern humans) or morphs (for example Corvus corax varius morpha leucophaeus, the pied raven). Plants may be classified into subspecies (for example, Pisum sativum subsp. sativum, the garden pea) or varieties (for example, Pisum sativum var. macrocarpon, snow pea), with cultivated plants getting a cultivar name (for example, Pisum sativum var. macrocarpon 'Snowbird'). Bacteria may be classified by strains (for example Escherichia coli O157:H7, a strain that can cause food poisoning). Taxa above the genus level are often given names based on the type genus, with a standard termination. The terminations used in forming these names depend on the kingdom (and sometimes the phylum and class) as set out in the table below. Pronunciations given are the most Anglicized.

Taxonomy is the scientific method of naming every animal – but as you learn more and more about animals, you will see that taxonomy is more of an art than a science. There are pouched animals without pouches, insect eaters that eat meat, meat-eaters that eat insects and plants, and on and on. So it is necessary to understand that taxonomy is primarily just a method of singling out each animal so that when biologists talk to each other they know precisely which animal they are talking about. It should also be noted that there isn’t even solid agreement on which species belong in which orders. You will notice as you read through the various pages of orders that the number of species making up an order may be separately listed as two quite different numbers. Since these numbers have come from separate sources, it seems proper to allow each number to be mentioned despite the confusion this may create. A little confusion is probably a good thing to learn to accept when it comes to classifying animals. These taxonomical names are usually not the popular names that we are familiar with, because the biological names are always in Latin. Many newly discovered invertebrates are still being named daily – especially among the insects. Except for a new rodent or a new bat every year or so, however, virtually all the mammals have been identified and named. A species is defined as the natural grouping of animals of common ancestry, a reasonably close physical resemblance, and which in nature interbreed and produce fertile offspring. Among mammals a species may be confined to living in a single valley or on a single mountain; and then again a species may range throughout a continent or, indeed, over virtually the entire world. There are 20 orders of mammals recognized today (although that number may also change), each of which will have its own page. Subdivisions are often used to further separate and/or group the relationships of animals. And geographical variants may cause a subspecies to be named, which may be commonly known as “breeds” or “races.” Below is an example of classification from “class” all the way down to “species” of a common animal we all know. The individual Latin words will be translated as far as possible so that you will be able to see how these names organize animals from the general to the specific. As an example, the wolf is classified as: Below you will find the 20 orders of mammals as well as a list of the animals that belong in each order. Each animal will have a link to the order page in which that animal is categorized.

Animals have different characteristics that call for classification into multiple categories. This animal kingdom classification is important—not just to learn about the different species, but the relationship shared by all. The system was created by a Swedish botanist named Carl Linneaus. It was termed the Linnaeus method or the Linnean method, and it is essentially used to group animals in a hierarchy known as taxa. This method also serves to give species binomial names by fusing the genus and species. This is often known as the binomial nomenclature. The primary method of classifying animals includes domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, suborder, animal families, genus, and species. The domain is often called the least specific category of classification, and it regroups all of life. There are three main domains: Archaea: for cells that don’t contain a nucleus and have a cell wall that’s different from bacteria. Eukarya: for cells that contain a nucleus. The bacteria and archaea domains are quite similar in that they have no nucleus and are both composed of organisms that have only one cell. The organisms also reproduce asexually by dividing into two. The domains are distinguished by the material that makes up their cell walls. The bacterial cell wall is made up of polysaccharide peptidoglycan which the archea doesn’t have. The latter also thrives in a more extreme environment in which bacteria can’t survive in. The eukarya is a domain of its own, and all living organisms here have a nucleus where the genetic material is stored. This genetic material is also called DNA. Four kingdoms are classified under the eukarya domain (animal, plant, fungus, protist) while the other two fall under the bacteria and archaea. There are in total six different kingdoms in which all living organisms can be classified. Here they are in more detail: It consists of 45 orders, over 430 families, and 28,000 species. It is considered the largest class of vertebrates, and there are two groups underneath the class: the ray-finned fish and the lobe-finned fish. Examples are the Queensland lungfish and the Iridescent shark. Aves is a class of birds, warm-blooded vertebrates with pairs of wings and skin made of feathers. They also have beaks (no teeth), a strong skeletal system, and the ability to lay eggs. Most of them can fly with wings, but this isn’t an absolute rule. Fun fact: Birds are considered dinosaurs and are the only surviving ones! Examples of aves are penguins, ratites, and peacocks. 3 Reptiles are characterized by scaly skins, and they could either have limbs or crawl on their stomach. They are all vertebrates and have close ties with birds. 4 There are more than 11,000 species, many of which can be dangerous to humans. Examples of reptiles still existing today are lizards, snakes, crocodiles, and turtles. Amphibians are described as tetrapods and ectothermic, which simply means they move on four limbs and rely on the environment to generate heat. They are usually classified under a group of tetrapods known as Lissamphibia. Examples are frogs, salamanders, and toads.

In biology, order is a taxonomic rank defined as a group of similar or related families in animals, plants, and even viruses. Order is a taxonomic rank used in biology to classify organisms in families that share similar characteristics. For instance, mammals are under the class Mammalia and have many orders below that, such as Primates, Carnivora (carnivores), Chiroptera (bats), and so on. This taxonomic rank is recognized by the nomenclature codes, rulebooks that govern biological taxonomy. Taxonomists decide what organisms belong in what order or whether an order should be recognized at all. Certain groups of organisms follow consistent naming within an order. For instance, birds and fishes use the suffix – iformes, which means “having the form of.” As an example, Passeriformes is an order of perching birds that includes more than half of all bird species. The taxonomic rank of “order” was first introduced by Augustus Quirinus Rivinus, a German botanist that applied the method to plants in the 1690s. Carl Linnaeus, a Swedish biologist and physician, was the first to apply the ranking to all three natural kingdoms – minerals, plants, and animals. Order is between Class and Family in the taxonomic rank. However, in some cases, it can have an immediately higher rank of superorder and a directly beneath rank of suborder. In Zoology, the Linnaean orders are used pretty consistently across natural groups. While not all of the original order names are still in use, some continue, such as Diptera for flies, gnats, etc., and Lepidoptera for butterflies and moths. In virology, there are fourteen order, each ending with – virales.

The world of animals is incredibly diverse, from the tiniest insects to the largest whales. To make sense of this vast array of life, scientists use a hierarchical system of classification. The foundational system traditionally consists of seven major groups: Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species. This structured approach helps us understand the evolutionary relationships and shared characteristics of all living organisms. Each level in this hierarchical system represents a progressively more specific grouping, narrowing down the characteristics shared by the organisms within it. Let’s explore each level in detail, using examples to illustrate how it works: 1. Kingdom: The Broadest Category The Kingdom is the highest and most inclusive level of classification. It groups organisms based on very general characteristics. The animal kingdom, Animalia, includes all multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that obtain nutrients by consuming other organisms. Think of it as the biggest bucket, holding everything from sponges to humans. Example: All animals, including insects, fish, birds, reptiles, mammals, and even jellyfish, belong to the Kingdom Animalia. 2. Phylum: Defining Basic Body Plans A Phylum groups organisms that share a fundamental body plan or organization. It’s a subdivision within a kingdom. For instance, the phylum Chordata includes all animals that possess a notochord (a flexible rod that supports the body) at some point in their development, which usually develops into a spinal cord. Example: Within the Animalia kingdom, the Chordata phylum includes all vertebrates (animals with a backbone), such as fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Example: Within the Mammalia class, the Carnivora order includes animals like lions, tigers, bears, dogs, and seals. Other orders include Primates (monkeys, apes, humans), Rodentia (mice, rats, squirrels), and Cetacea (whales, dolphins). 5. Family: Closely Related Genera A Family groups closely related genera that share a common ancestor. The family Felidae, for example, includes all species of cats, both wild and domestic. Members of a family share many anatomical and behavioral similarities. Example: Within the Carnivora order, the Felidae family includes lions, tigers, cheetahs, domestic cats, and lynx. Other families include Canidae (dogs, wolves, foxes), Ursidae (bears), and Mustelidae (weasels, otters, badgers). 6. Genus: The First Part of the Scientific Name A Genus is a group of closely related species. This is the first part of an organism’s scientific name, which is always capitalized. For instance, the genus Panthera includes several species of large cats. Example: Within the Felidae family, the genus Panthera includes lions (Panthera leo), tigers (Panthera tigris), leopards (Panthera pardus), and jaguars (Panthera onca). The genus Felis includes smaller cats like the domestic cat (Felis catus).

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Animal classification, established by Carl Linnaeus, categorizes living beings into a hierarchical system, including domains, kingdoms, phyla, classes, orders, families, genera and species. This system helps scientists organize and study the diversity of life, grouping organisms based on their shared characteristics and evolutionary relationships. Modern taxonomy includes five kingdoms: Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Monera and Protista, with further subdivisions to categorize all known life forms. You can categorize every single living being. This classification system allows scientists to study plant and animal diversity and to group closely related species. From horses to insects to worms, animal classification focuses on every animal in the so-called kingdom animalia. In this article, we'll take a closer look at the origins of this classification and how animal classification works. Though it has changed throughout the years, you can thank Swedish botanist and zoologist Carl Linnaeus for creating a taxonomy to categorize all living beings. In 1735, he introduced this system in "Systema Naturae," an 11-page pamphlet. Linnaeus summarized his work as "God created, Linnaeus organized." He was not the first to attempt to make sense of all life forms. Aristotle looked at animals through ethnology, physiology and anatomy. Theophrastus categorized plants by the way they originated. And Pliny the Elder also gave it a go. "There were different systems in use at the time," said Janis Sacco, the former director of exhibitions at Harvard Museum of Science & Culture, to The Harvard Gazette. "Some were ecological, based on the idea that organisms that existed in the same habitat must be related to one another. Order: If you look at the class mammalia, you will find several orders, such as carnivora, primates and rodentia. Family: Within carnivora, or animals that share eating meat in common, there are 13 distinct families, according to Animal Diversity Web. These include Ursidae (bears), Felidae (cats) and Canidae (dogs). Genus: Within genus, there are even smaller categories. For example, within the Ursidae family, there are five genera: Ailuropoda (giant panda), Helarctos (sun bear), Melursus (sloth bear), Tremarctos (spectacled bear) and Ursus (black bear, brown bear and polar bear) Species: Within the Ursus genus, there are four species, identified through their scientific names: Ursus americanus (American black bear), Ursus arctos (brown bear), Ursus maritimus (polar bear) and Ursus thibetanus (Asiatic black bear). Some taxonomies account for nine categories, with suborder falling between order and family. Species names are a combination of genus and species, with the first word capitalized and the second one written in lowercase. Linnaeus created this binomial nomenclature to replace an ununiform naming convention, where some animals could have a short two-word name and other animals could have a longer phrase. Here are a few examples of animal classifications.